Lymphedema is a chronic condition caused by impaired lymphatic drainage, which can significantly reduce quality of life. Lymphedema treatment counteracts the worsening of the condition and often requires patience because it is complex, time-consuming, and may even be necessary for life. The therapy primarily aims to reduce swelling. Treatment can be carried out through lymphatic drainage and compression therapy. Without treatment, lymphedema worsens. In later stages, the skin becomes inflamed. Eczema forms due to lymphedema discovered too late.

Peripheral arterial vascular disease (PAD) is a circulatory disorder caused by narrowing of the arteries, i.e. the vessels that supply the body with oxygen-rich blood. A circulatory disorder in the legs leads to so-called intermittent claudication, which forces people to stand still due to pain in the legs. The muscles and organs are not adequately supplied with oxygen and nutrients, especially under increased strain - such as when walking. The leg muscles therefore "complain" with pain, the classic symptom of PAD. Deposits of fat and calcium form, mostly in the legs, less frequently in the arms, with tobacco consumption being one of the most important risk factors. However, increased blood lipids, high blood pressure and diabetes can also contribute to vascular deposits, known as arteriosclerosis. These lead to constrictions and even arterial occlusions. The most important element in the treatment of a PAD patient is the treatment of the risk profile (nicotine cessation, adjustment of blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol). Medication, structured walking training and various surgical procedures are available to improve blood circulation. An individual treatment plan is discussed for each patient so that optimal therapy can be carried out.

Spider veins are dilated, superficial veins in the skin. They are usually harmless. Only in rare cases is there a disease of the deeper veins. They often appear as a blue or reddish spot. On closer inspection, you can see very fine hair vessels arranged like a spider's web in the skin. Feather-shaped to fan-shaped or only sporadically arranged, very fine veins are also common. The term spider veins is due to the type of arrangement and configuration of the tiny vessels. As one could also think of brushwood brooms, the term spider veins was coined a long time ago. There are various methods we use to remove spider veins: you can inject an agent into the tiny veins to obliterate them. The technical term for this procedure is sclerotherapy. The medication causes the vein walls of the spider veins to stick together and stop being supplied with blood. They are slowly broken down by the body and fade after a few weeks. Sometimes the skin in the affected area may turn brownish. After cauterization, you should wear a suitable compression stocking for a few days. In most cases, a single treatment is not enough and you will have to undergo it several times. An alternative is laser therapy. Here, the spider veins are obliterated by the energy of the laser. The procedure is suitable for very fine veins. Lasering does not leave scars, but pigment changes to the skin can also occur. The patient must also wear a compression stocking for a certain period of time afterwards and schedule several treatment appointments.

The main cause of varicose veins is an innate connective tissue weakness that leads to a loss of valve function in the superficial veins through dilation of the vein wall. As a result, dilated, winding veins, so-called varicose veins (varices), appear on the legs. If left untreated, varicose veins can lead to secondary diseases such as skin discoloration, stasis eczema, phlebitis, and even an open leg due to the development of venous hypertension in the leg. Recurrent varicosity is when varicose veins reappear after therapy has been performed. Operating on varicose veins is recommended. Depending on the indication, the treatment of varicose veins consists of prescribing compression stockings or surgically removing them by means of a saphenous vein stripping or endovenous laser ablation.

Deep vein thrombosis occurs when a thrombus (blood clot) forms in a vein. This usually happens in the legs, but in rare cases, DVT can also occur in the arms. This blood clot blocks the vein, preventing blood from flowing properly. With DVT, there is a risk that the thrombus may detach and travel to the lungs, where it would cause a pulmonary embolism. For the treatment of DVT, medication with blood thinners (Eliquis, Xarelto, etc.) and compression therapy with custom-made compression stockings are most often used.

Carotid stenosis is a narrowing of the carotid artery, which is most often caused by deposits in the blood vessels. It can be one of the causes of a stroke. Risk factors include smoking, as well as high blood pressure or high cholesterol levels. Treatment is decided based on the extent of the narrowing and the patient's general health status. Treatment options include conservative therapy and surgical therapy (e.g., stent implantation, endarterectomy, bypass, etc.).

The main artery (aorta) is the strongest blood vessel in humans. It runs through the chest and abdomen. Over the course of a lifetime, the main artery can stretch and form a bulge. Once the bulge is there, it does not go away. If the main artery in the abdominal cavity stretches by at least half of its normal diameter at one point, it is called an abdominal aortic aneurysm. It usually causes no symptoms and therefore goes unnoticed. The therapeutic measure depends on the size of the abdominal aortic aneurysm. If the aneurysm is larger than 5.5cm in men and larger than 4.5cm in women, surgery (e.g., Y-graft or stent) is recommended, as there is an increased risk of rupture.